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Document list and brief description:
Why these documents are posted on this website Details: Recent initiatives; Kofi Annan's April 7, 2004 Action Plan to Prevent Genocide and a new UN Special Advisor on Genocide Prevention: On April 7, 2004 in a speech in Geneva commemorating the 10th anniversary of the 1994 Genocide In Rwanda, UN Secretary General Kofi Annn announced his plan to appoint a UN Special Advisor on Genocide Prevention and launched an Action Plan to Prevent Genocide. The Five Point Action Plan included 1) preventing armed conflict which usually provides the context for genocide, 2) protection of civilians in armed conflict including a mandate for UN peacekeepers to protect civilians, 3) ending impunity through judicial action in both national and international courts, 4) information gathering and early warning through a UN Special Advisor for Genocide Prevention making recommendations to the UN Security Council on actions to prevent or halt genocide, and 5) swift and decisive action along a continuum of steps, including military action. UN Secretary General Kofi Annan's 2004 Stockholm Genocide Prevention Proposals On January 26, 2004 in his keynote speech at the opening of Stockholm International Forum, UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan called for the establishment of a UN Genocide Prevention Committee and a UN Special Rapporteur on Genocide PreventionResolution designating April 7, 2004 an International Day of Reflection on the 1994 Genocide in Rwanda: On December 23, 2003 the UN General Assembly approved a resolution recognizing the tenth anniversary of the genocide in Rwanda and designating April 7, 2004 as an International Day of Reflection on the 1994 Genocide in Rwanda Reports before genocide: UN Reports written before genocide (on the this website): Whitaker Report 1985: "Revised and updated report on the question of the prevention and punishment of the crime of genocide" (46 pages) prepared by Special Rapporteur Benjamin Whitaker of the United Kingdom and presented on July 2, 1985 to the UN Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities. Whitaker's recommendations for the establishment of an UN High Commissioner on Human Rights and an International Criminal Court have been realized. In contrast, his recommendation for the establishment of an impartial international body concerned with preventing genocide (paragraph 85) has been ignored. The UN Human Rights system included multiple treaty monitoring bodies for the prevention of Torture and other violations, but still has no body specifically responsible for the prevention of genocide. Ndiaye Report on Rwanda 1993: "Report by Special Rapporteur Bacre Waly Ndiaye on his mission to Rwanda from 8 to 17 April 1993" (25 pages) presented in August 11, 1993. Bacre Waly Ndaiye of Senegal, Rapporteur of the Commission on Human Rights on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, investigated the massacres and other violations committed between 1990 and 1993. He wrote "the victims of the attacks, Tutsis in the overwhelming majority of cases, have been targeted solely because of their membership of a certain ethnic group and for no other objective reason." He warned of the potential for escalating violence including the risk of genocide (paragraph 78). Ndaiye's report was largely ignored. |
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Reports after genocide: UN Reports written after genocide (on the UN website): Srebrenica Report 1999 (PDF file): "Report of the Secretary-General pursuant to General Assembly resolution 53/35: the fall of Srebrenica" A/54/549 presented 15 November 1999. Written in accordance with resolution 53/35 approved by the General Assembly on November 30, 1998, Secretary-General Kofi Annan's report says the UN Security Council should have approved "more decisive and forceful action to prevent the unfolding horror" in Bosnia and that ''safe areas'' should never be established again without credible means of defence." The report refers to an "attempted genocide" in Bosnia. Since the conviction of perpetrators for genocide at the Hague in August 2001, the Srebreniica crime as become widely recongized as genocide. Carlsson Report on Rwanda 1999: Alternate web location "Report of the Independent Inquiry into United Nations actions during the 1994 Rwanda genocide" presented 15 December 1999 by Ingvar Carlsson former Swedish Prime Minister, Han Sung-Joo, former South Korea Foreign Minister (1993-94) and M. Kupolati of Nigeria, retired Nigerians lieutenant general knowledgeable on United Nations peacekeeping operations. This panel was appointed in May 1999 by Kofi Annan The Report finds that the UN ignored evidence that genocide was planned and had refused to act once it began. In particular the Report is critical of the Security Council's April 21, 1994 decision to reduce the strength of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR) after the genocide began and highlights the role of Kofi Annan, who was head of UN peacekeeping at the time, sharply criticizing his failure to act on a January 11, 1994 warning of the risk of genocide sent by Gen. Dalliare, head of the UN peacekeepers in Rwanda. The panel recommended that the Secretary-General should initiate an "action plan to prevent genocide" in which each part of the "United Nations system, including Member States, should examine what active steps" they should take. The plan should include a "follow-up mechanism to ensure that such steps are taken." Alternate web location : (Web Genocide Documentation Centre ) Why is Prevent Genocide International reposting UN documents on this website (instead of provided a hyperlink) ? 1) Some documents precede the existence of a UN website. 2) Text and links are added to aid vierwers in understanding of the significance of the documents. 3) The UN website has occasionally moved or removed crucial documents causing broken links (see Carlsson Report above). |
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