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is this list useful? Researchers use terms on this list as keywords or phrases in searching documents in many of these languages. In some languages 'genocide' is commonly translated into words meaning 'extermination', 'massacre' or 'mass murder'. These translations fail to indicate the full range of destructive acts included in the legal definition of genocide . |
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| Arabic (Alarabia) |  | Ebadeh jamayia (destruction of a group); Also Ckateal jamay (group killing) |
| Bangla (Bengali) |  |  Also gonohatya, ganahatya (mass killing) |
| Chinese jaintizi (simplified) |
    | Wei Hai Zhong Zu, also Mie Jue Zhong Zu, See also Datusha (massacre) |
| Chinese fintizi- (traditional, used in Hong Kong, Taiwan and elsewhere) |  | Wei Hai Zhong Zu (Pinyin) |
| English |
Genocide | Also Crimes against Humanity and War Crimes; and extermination, atrocities, massacre, killing fields, ethnic cleansing, bloodbath |
| French (Français) | Génocide
| Also Génocidaire (person who commits genocide), ; populicide [Babeuf, 1794], battue; also les crimes contre l'humanité (crimes against humanity) and les crimes de guerre (war crimes). "nettoyage" ("cleanup" - euphemism for mass killing) |
| German (Deutsch) | Völkermord
| Also Genozids and Verbrechen gegen die Menschlichkeit (crimes against humanity) and Kriegsverbrechen (war crimes). Ausrotten (destroy), auswischen ( to wipe out). The term Endlösung ('Final Solution') was used to refer to the destruction of European Jews. |
| Hindi (India) |
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| Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia) | Genosid
| Pemusnahan
bangsa; Pemusnahan sautu suku bangsa; Pemusnahan secara teratur terhadap suatu
golongan bangsa (Systematic destruction of a particular national group); Also
pembasmian (extermination); melibas (clean out, defeat completely),
pembersihan etnis (ethnic cleansing); Also kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan
(crimes against humanity) and Kejahatan Perang (war crimes). |
| Japanese (Nihongo) |  | Jenosaido,
Also  (shuudan-
gyakusatsu) |
| Portuguese (Português) | Genocidio | Also
exterminar (exterminate, aniquilar (annihilate), destruir (destroy), suprimir
(eliminate). Crimes contra a humanidade (crimes against humanity) and
crimes de guerra (war crimes). |
| Russian (Russky) |  | Genotsid, also prestupleniya protiv chelovechestva (crimes against humanity) and voennye prestupleniya (war crimes). |
| Spanish (Español) | Genocidio | Also
aniquilar (annihilate), extirpar (extirpate), liquidar ( liquidate), limpiar (cleanse),
matanza (massacre), degüello (throat slitting). Los crímenes de lesa humanidad
(crimes against humanity) and los crímenes de guerra (war
crimes). |
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| Amharic (Ethiopia) | Zr Matfat | Zr (Race) and Matfat (extermination) |
| Burmese (Myanmar) | loo myo ti myo ko tamin tha phyit chin (people one group intentional kill to be); tha (kill) | |
| Dutch (Nederlands) | Volkenmoord | Also Volkerenmoord, Rassenmoord, Genocide and misdrijven tegen de menselijkheid (crimes against humanity) and oorlogsmisdrijven (war crimes). verdelgen (exterminate), uitroeien (exterminate) |
| Farsi (Persian) | 
Also kostare goruhi, kostare hamegani | |
| Italian (Italiano) | Genocidio
| Also sterminare (exterminate), cancellare (obliterate), crimini contro l'umanità (crimes against humanity) and crimini di guerra (war crimes). |
| Korean (Hankuko) | 
| group killing, haksal (massacre) |
| Kurdish (Iraq, Turkey, Iran, Syria) | Gelkujî |
Gelkujî (genocide; gel= people, kujî= killing) Also Tevkujî (total killing; tev= total, kujî= killing) and Komkujî (Massacre, kom= mass, kujî= killing); Jinosayd (Genocide); Tawanên dijî Mirovatiyê (tawan= crime; dijî= against mirovatî= humanity), Tawanên Cenjî (tawan= crime; ceng= war) and Koçdiraw (Forced deportation or depopulation) |
| Malay (Bahasa Melayu) | Genosid | Penghapusan sst bangsa, penjenayah perang (war criminal) jenayah perang jenayah terhadap kemanusiaan |
| Malayalam (Kerala - India) |  |  |
| Marathi (Maharashtra - India) |
Janasamhaar | Jana (people) and samhaar (mass killing). See also janahatyaa - Jana and hatyaa (killing), shirkaan (eradication), samuul naash/vinaash (root out/ destruction), saamudaayik hatyaa (killing a collectivity), nirvamsh karane (to exterminate a lineage) and hatyaakaand (massacre). Also Maanavate viruddha dushkrutya (crimes against humanity) and Yuddhakaaliin dushkrutye (war crimes). |
| Polish (Polski) | Ludobójstwo
| Ludzie (people), Zabójstwo (homicide); see Also Ludobójca; zbrodnie przeciwko ludzkosci (crimes against humanity); wojenne zbrodnie (war crimes); ekstermincja (extermination) |
| Punjabi (India, Pakistan) |
Ghalughara | |
| Romanian (Româna) |
Genocid | Also genocidului, nimici (annihilate) |
| Swahili (kiSwahili) |
Mauaji ya Kizazi | Mauaji (murder) and "Kizazi" (ethnic or family group or lineage). Also: Mauaji ya halaiki (massacre); Maangamizi ya halaiki" (mass destruction); Mauaji ya maangamizi" (murder and extinct/destruction); Mauaji ya kikatili (murder with cruelty); Maafa (great disaster, catastrophe, horror, "terrible occurrence" or African Holocaust, see Dr. Marimba Ani/Dona Richards) . The phrase "war crimes" translates as "jinai za vita" and "crimes against humanity" as "jinai dhidi ya binadamu." |
| Tamil (Tamil Nadu - India, Sri Lanka) |  | genocide;
also war crimes:  |
| Telugu (Andhra Pradesh - India) |  | |
| Turkish (Türkçe) |  | Soy
(kin, kind, lineage) and  (slaughter);
genosit; jenosid; savas suçlulari (war crimes), kismi soykirim (partial
genocide);silmek ( blot out); yok etmek (do away with); temizlemek (cleanse) |
| Ukrainian (Ukrayins'ka) | | Henotsyd, henotsydom, henotsydu. Also Holodomor (extermination by starvation), Shtuchnyi holod (man-made famine), Holod (famine) and etnotsyd (ethnocide), resnya (massacre) |
| Urdu (Pakistan) |
 | nasal-kushi;
Garoh ya nasl ka qatle âam/nasl kaShi; 
(Génocidaires); Jang jurm (war crime). |
| Vietnamese |
| diet chung |
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| Afrikaans (South Africa) |
Volksmoord | (nation murder), also Rassemoord (race murder), uitroei (exterminate) |
| Albanian (Shqip) | Gjenocid | gjenocidal, gjenocide, gjenocidi, gjenocidit. Also Krimet kundër njerëzimit (crimes against humanity) and Krimet e luftës (war crimes). fik (destroy), |
| Armenian |  | Tseghaspanutiun; tsegh (race) and aspanutiun (killing); Also "Metz Yeghern" (great crime, great calamity). |
| Assyrian | Sayfo | (Sword) Short for Shato d´Sayfo (Year of the Sword) refering to genocide of Assyrians in 1915 in Ottoman Turkey. Shato d´sayfo is western dialect and shata d'saypa is eastern dialect. |
| Azeri (Azerbaijan) | Soyqirim | Also Soyquirim |
| Basque (Euskara) | Genozidio | |
| Bosnian (Bosanski) |
Genocid | Also zlocine protiv covjecnosti (crimes against humanity) and ratni zlocine (war crimes). |
| Breton (Brezhoneg) | Muntriaj | Muntr (murder), Muntreri (homicide), tolpaj (masse); Also Muntriajoù, Muntriajchoù |
| Bulgarian (Balgarski) |
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| Catalan (Català) |
Genocidi | Extermini d'un poble o d'una ètnia. |
| Cebuano (Philippines) | Pamatay ug daghan (massacre) | |
| Croat (Hrvatski) |
Genocid | Genocidom, Sprovesti genocid (to commit genocide); Etnicko Ciscenje. Also zlocine protiv covjecnosti (crimes against humanity) and ratne zlocine (war crimes). |
| Czech (Cesky) | Genocida |
Genocidia, genocidium, genocidy. Also zlocinu proti lidskosti (crimes against humanity) and valecnych zlocinu (war crimes). Etnické cistky (ethnic cleansing), Vyhubení národù (Extermination of a people), vylikvidovat (liquidate completely); obliterate, puddle, rub off, rub out, scrub), vyhubit (exterminate), vyhladit (annihilate), vymazat (blot out, delete) |
| Danish (Dansk) | | folk (folk, nation, people), dræbe (kill, liquidate, slay); also forbrydelser mod menneskeheden (crimes against humanity) and krigsforbrydelser (war crimes). |
| Esperanto |
Genocido | also genocidon, ekstermi (exterminate) |
| Estonian (Eesti) | | also genotsiidiga , rahvahävitus. Also Inimsusevastased kuriteod (crimes against humanity) and Sõjakuriteod (war crimes). |
| Finnish (Suomi) | | Joukkotuhonta (intentional mass destruction), Joukkotuhontarikos (the crime of genocide). Also Kansanmurha, (Kansa - people, nation and murha - murder, homicide) also rikokset ihmisyyttä (crimes against humanity) and satarikokset (war crimes). |
| Gaelic, Irish (Gaeilge) | Cinedhíothú | mass extermination, also cinedhíothaithe |
| Gaelic, Scottish (Gàidhlig na h-Albannaich) | Sgrios-Cinnidh | (Ethnic annihilation); from Sgrios (Annihilation) and Cinnidh from cinnidheach (ethnic). Pronounced "SCREEos-cinNEE". |
| Georgian |
Genocidi |
Also adamianurobis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli danaSaulebi (crimes against humanity) and omis danaSaulebi (war crimes). |
| Greek (Ellinika') | 
| Genoktonia, Genoktonias. From genos (kin, kind, species), anthropoktonia (homicide). Also katastrofi, megali katastrofi (destruction, mega destruction) |
| Hawaiian | Luku (massacre, destroy); Ho'opau, Hana make (destroy) | |
| Hebrew (Ivrit) | 
| Genosiid (, Tranliteraton of the word 'genocide'); Also Hashmadat Am (Legal phrase meaning 'murder of a people'); Retzach Am (Commonly used phrase meaning 'destruction of a people'); |
| Hungarian (Magyar) | Népirtás |
Népi (folk) and kiirtás (exterminaton); also népirtással and fajirtás, Faj (race) and kiirtás. Also "az emberiség elleni bûncselekmények" (crimes against humanity); "a háborús bûncselekmények" (war crimes). |
| Icelandic (Islensku) | Þjóðarmorð | Þjóð (people), Þjóðríki (nation), morð (murder) |
| Khmer (Cambodia) | Prolai puch sah (to destroy the race) | |
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Kinyarwanda (Rwanda) |
Itsembabwoko | Itsemba (from the verb 'gutsemba' - to exterminate, to massacre) and ubwoko (ethnic group, clan) Compare to Itsembatsemba (mass killing). Also ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu OR ibyaha ku kiremwamuntu (crimes against humanity) and ibyaha by' intambara (war crimes) |
| kiRundi (Burundi) | Ihonyabwoko
| Ihonya (from the verb 'guhonya' - to make extinct or exterminate) and Ubwoko (ethnic group or species) |
| Latvian |
 | Also Noziegumi pret cilveci (crimes against humanity) and Kara noziegumi (war crimes). |
| Lithuanian (Lietuviskai) | | Also nusikaltimams pries zmogiskuma (crimes against humanity) and karo nusikaltimams (war crimes). |
| Luganda | Obutemu ssaanya | |
| Manx, Yn Ghaelg, (Isle of Man Gaelic) | Kynney
-ghunverys | kin - slaughter |
| Mongolian (Khalkha) | Oostgal (extermination) | |
| Norwegian (Norsk) | | Also folkemordet and forbrytelser mot menneskeheten (crimes against humanity) and krigsforbrytelser (war crimes). |
| Occitan (Southern France) |
Genocidi | |
| Oromo (Southern Ethiopia) | Saanyi
Duguuggaa | "Saanyi Duguugga" (race clearing, ie genocide), saanyi (race), Duguugga (clearing or wiping out); Also Dhabamsiisu (Extermination), as in "Namoota Dhabamsiisu" (extermination of human beings); Yakka or Wanjala (crime) as in "Yakka (Wanjala) Namooma irrat hojjetame" (Crime against humanity). Namooma means humanity. "Yakka (Wanjala) lolaa (waraana)" (War Crime), lolaa or waraana mean war. |
| Romani (Roma) | Porrajmos (Meaning "The devouring"; pronounced: paw rye mos) | |
| Serbian (Srpski) |
| Genocid, Also Etnicko Ciscenje ("Ethnic Cleansing"), ubiti (do away with), izbrisati (delete), fizickom likvidacijom |
| Shona | Kuuraya vanhu vakawanda ('the killing of a multitude of people'), kuuraya (to kill), vanhu (people), vakawanda (many); The word gukurahundi ('wiping away') was used in 1983 to refer the killing of Ndebele people in the Matabeleland area of Zimbabwe | |
| Somali |
Xusuuq | xusuuqa, xasuusiyo, xasuuqyadii, xusuuqii (massacre), isir-siib |
| Sotho (Lesotho) | Difaqane ("forced march"); more parellel to ethnic cleansing than genocide. Usually refers to historical events in the early 1800s, which are still debated. See Zulu below. | |
| Slovak (Slovencina) | Genocída | Also genocídium, genocídy; Zlocin proti ludskosti (crimes against humanity) |
| Slovenian (Slovenscina) | Genocid |
Also genocida; Iztrebljenje verske ali narodne skupnosti (extermination of a national collectivity), mnozieni umor (group homicide), izbris (erase) |
| Swedish (Svenska) |
| Also brott mot mänskligheten (crimes against humanity) and krigsforbrytelser (war crimes). |
| Tagalog (Pilopino) | Máramiháng papatáy o pagpuksâ ng mga tao | |
| Thai | Lang phao phan (to wash away the racial species) | |
| Tibetan | Massacre: | |
| Uzbek | genotsid | |
| Welsh (Cymraeg) |
| Hil (race) |
| Wolof (Senegal) | Fagaala | (genocide) |
| Yiddish |
 | Genozid
(genocide); Also  Fulkermard
(volkermord), Khurbn, hurban (destruction) |
| Xhosa | Ukubulala ngonhyamnhyeko | |
| Zulu |
| Mfecane (great crushing, grinding), more parellel to ethnic cleansing than genocide. Usually refers to historical events in the early 1800s, which are still debated. See Sotho above |
| If you have a comment, correction or suggested addition to this list, please send an email message to info@preventgenocide.org At this time we especially need assistance to translate or define the word genocide in Akan, Burmese (Myanamar), Dinka, Guarani, Gujarati, Hausa, Igbo, Javanese, Karen, Kashmiri, Kazakh, Macedonian, Maya-Quiché, Nuer, Oromo, Quechua, Sinhala, Somali, Wolof, and Yoruba. We need one or more of the following: 1) the word or phrase as it is written in the language, 2) a version of the word or phrase as it would appear in the Latin alphabet and 3) the literal meaning or definition of the word (see above for examples) Another multilingual website Universal Declaration of Human Rights in over 300 languages on the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights website. On languages, see Ethnologue. Also see www.websters-dictionary-online.org/definition/english/ge/genocide.html The www.preventgenocide.org website has entry pages in over 20 languages |
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